GEN – Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News

Exosomes are 30-150 nm extracellular vesicles that are endocytically released from cells. Exosomes were previously thought to simply exude unnecessary proteins from cells; however, more recent research has highlighted their importance in cell-to-cell communication by transporting biomolecules such as mRNA, microRNA, and protein through the circulatory system.

The protein profile reflects current cellular activity, with relevance in disease diagnosis, disease prognosis, and tracking treatment response. Studies comparing proteomic profiles of healthy and diseased patients have led to a paradigm shift in patient care for numerous types of diseases and conditions. CA125 and CA 27.29, for example, are used to monitor treatment in ovarian and breast cancer patients, respectively.

As molecular biomarkers go, proteins are possibly the most universally affected by disease state.  Protein signatures encompass not only total levels of expression, but predominance of different isoforms, cleavage products, or post-translational modifications (e.g., phosphorylation, methylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, etc.).

This collection of review articles features expert content published by RayBiotech Scientists to help accelerate your biomarker discovery efforts. Cytokines in Cancer Drug Resistance: Cues to New Therapeutic Strategies Valerie Sloane Jones a,1, Ren-Yu Huang b,1, Li-PaiChen c, Zhe-Sheng Chen d Liwu Fu e, Ruo-PanHuang a, b, f Abstract - Click here...

Scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) have identified a specific class of biomarkers that can tell a lot about how aggressive a patient's cancer will be. "There are undoubtedly dozens or hundreds of mutations that cause cancer, and that can be found in almost any tumor," said CSHL Fellow...

Label-free digital pathology using infrared (IR) imaging with subsequent proteomic analysis for bladder cancer (BC) has revealed the first protein biomarker (AHNAK2) for BC. AHNAK2 differentiates between chronic cystitis and a non-muscle invasive-type BC, which is challenging to diagnose. A report (“Integrated Fourier Transform Infrared Imaging and Proteomics for Identification of...

Exosomes shuttle protective antimicrobial proteins in the airway, suggesting a novel mechanism of protection against bacterial infections.

Scientists measure a specific molecule indicative of osteoarthritis and a number of other inflammatory diseases using a newly developed technology